Device, repair, maintenance of the OKA walk-behind tractor. User manual

Description

This article will focus on the device, repair and maintenance of the OKA walk-behind tractor. Since 1991, this motorized device has been produced at the Kaluga Motor Plant under the name of the Mb-1 walk-behind tractor.

Since 2011, the unit has been renamed "Oka". Its purpose is to carry out all types of agricultural work on small and medium-sized land plots with different types of soil. Functional attachments, presented in the assortment by the KaDvi manufacturer, significantly expand the capabilities of the walk-behind tractor.

Motoblock Oka - instruction manual

When purchasing any Oka model, the first step is to read the instruction manual for the motorized device, which contains the following sections:

The device of the unit (as well as the device of its components: gearbox, carburetor, etc.).
Assembling the Oka walk-behind tractor, according to the descriptions and diagrams.
Specifications of the selected model.
Instructions for the first start of the engine (Lifan, Honda or any other).
The procedure for the correct running-in of the power plant.
Maintenance.
Troubleshooting the Oka walk-behind tractor.

Motoblock OKA MB-D1M10

Walk-behind tractor device

All existing Oka walk-behind tractors have the following device:

Gas engine;
rigid frame;
adjustable steering rods with rubberized handles;
transmission (reinforced chain reducer, V-belt transmission, mechanical gearbox, clutch, PTO drive);
chassis (wheel drive);
gas tank;
filters (oil and air);
ignition system;
inertia starter.

The kit may include soil cutters and a hitch.

Depending on the modification, Oka walk-behind tractors can be equipped with various engines:

Motoblock Oka MB-1D1 (2, 3) M9 is equipped with a Honda carburetor engine (HONDA GX-200), with a capacity of 6,5 horsepower.
Models MB-1D1 (2, 3) M10 have a Lifan gasoline power plant (Lifan168 F-2A), with a capacity of 6,5 liters. with.
Motoblock MB-1D1 (2, 3) M15 was equipped with a native factory engine KADVI 168F-2A for 6.5 liters. with.
Modifications MB-1D1 (2, 3) M13 and M14 received the power plant Robin Subaru EX17 or EX21, with a capacity of 6,0 and 7,0 liters. with. respectively.
Models MB-1D1 (2, 3)M and MB-1D1 (2, 3)M1 are equipped with DM-1M and DM-1M1 engines, 8 hp. with.

: Honda GX200 engine

: Engine Lifan168 F-2A

: Robin Subaru EX17 engine

: Engine KADVI 168F-2A

Common to all listed power plants:

one cylinder;
cycle for 4 cycles;
forced air cooling;
use of AI-92 or AI-95 gasoline.

The ignition system is electronic, which includes: magneto, spark plugs, high-voltage wire.

It is necessary to start the engine correctly, according to the algorithm specified in the instructions. If certain actions are not followed, there is a high risk of engine failure. We offer you to watch a short video on how to start the Oka walk-behind tractor:

Gearbox device

Motoblock gearbox transmits torque from the engine to the wheel drive. Its construction is as follows:

sprockets (leading and driven);
chain;
shaft:
body.

We propose to study the diagram of the gearbox of the Oka walk-behind tractor in the context:

Scheme of the gearbox of the Oka motoblock

What kind of gearbox can be put on the Oka walk-behind tractor?

It is best to use a collapsible chain gearbox, which consists of a collapsible body with bolted connections. Unlike a non-separable gearbox, such a mechanism is easy to repair and will last for more than one year. A gear reducer can be installed on more powerful equipment; a worm gear is rarely practiced in walk-behind tractors.

The device and principle of operation of the carburetor

Carburetors are gas distribution devices inherent in gasoline engines. The function of the carburetor is as follows:

regulates the amount of incoming gasoline and air;
saturates the air with gasoline vapours.

We suggest that you familiarize yourself with the carburetor diagram for the Oka:

Running in the Oka motoblock with the Lifan engine

Before starting field work, it is necessary to run the engine in order to avoid damage to moving parts and mechanisms.

Before starting the burn-in, it is necessary to pour fuel into the tank and check the oil level. The correct running-in of the engine of the Oka walk-behind tractor begins immediately after the first start-up and lasts more than 30 hours. During this period, you can not give heavy loads and work more than 2 hours a day, open the throttle by more than ¾.

Motoblock OKA MB-D1M10

Soil cultivation should also take place in a gentle mode - in several passes with a depth of no more than 10 cm in one pass. After the break-in period (20-30 hours worked in a gentle mode), it is necessary to completely drain the used oil and fill it with fresh oil into the crankcase.

Oka Maintenance

Motoblock maintenance includes several stages:

Daily work before and after use.
Change of oil.
Scheduled inspection.
Preservation for long-term storage.

Let's consider the first point.

Before operating the Oka walk-behind tractor, you must:

check the level of oil and fuel, you can fill in only high-quality working fluids;
check the reliability of bolted connections;
check tire pressure.

After operation it is necessary:

thoroughly clean and wash the walk-behind tractor;
dry in the shade;
lubricate all components and mechanisms;
put into storage.

Motoblock Oka with a plow

Equally important is the second item - "Oil change". The first replacement is made after running the walk-behind tractor. Every 25 hours of operation, the oil level in the gearbox is checked, if necessary, the liquid is topped up. The transmission oil is changed every 50 hours of operation.

Scheduled inspections should be carried out after the first 100, 200 and 500 hours, it is recommended to make a complete oil change, both in the engine crankcase, gearbox, and in the transmission.

It is recommended to fill the following motor oils into the engine of the Oka motoblock:

M-53/10G1;
M-63/12G1.

We offer you to watch a short video showing the oil change in the gearbox of the Oka walk-behind tractor:

Malfunctions

In the instructions that came with the Oka walk-behind tractor, there is a table that lists all possible problems, but we will focus on the most common:

Why the Oka walk-behind tractor does not start:

the tank ran out of fuel;
the oil level in the crankcase is below normal;
the ignition system of the Oka walk-behind tractor requires adjustment, or is out of order;
carburetor adjustment required;
filters are clogged and need to be replaced;
spark plugs burned out, sooty or wet;
seals have failed.

Wheels (cutters) stopped rotating:

loose clutch cable
it is necessary to change stretched or torn belts, this will help restore the Oka walk-behind tractor to working capacity.

Gearbox leaking:

the cause may be worn cuffs of the axle shafts, they must be replaced with new ones;
seals need to be replaced.

Extraneous noises come from the gearbox:

incorrectly installed or broken bearing;
broken stars;
broken chain.

What to do if the speed jumps on the Oka walk-behind tractor, and the gear shift does not work:

it is necessary to inspect and, if necessary, repair the gearbox - replace broken sprockets, chains, bearings, oil seals;
to adjust the mechanism of separation of the semi-axes;
check gear lock.

We offer you to watch a video on how to change the bearing and replace the oil seal on the gearbox of the Oka walk-behind tractor:

Installing belts on the Oka walk-behind tractor

In order to perform a replacement, it is necessary to determine what size of the drive belt for the Oka walk-behind tractor is required. The following drive belts are on sale:

For forward:

A-1180 vn I GOST 1284.1-89;
A-1213 I GOST 1284.2-89.

For reverse:

Z(0) 1400 I;
Z(0) 1400 vn I GOST 1284.1-89.

The belt is removed manually by loosening the adjusting bolt. The new belt should not sag, nor should it be in high tension. Proper tension is when the belt flexes slightly when pressed by hand.

Lighting for motoblock Oka

Many owners of this equipment strive to modernize the device as much as possible, to further increase comfort and ergonomics during work. One of the ways to modernize is to install light (headlights).

It is not so difficult to make light on the Oka walk-behind tractor, it is enough to find and connect a generator of the required power to the unit. The connection algorithm is as follows:

a button is placed on the steering wheel;
the generator is attached to the walk-behind tractor;
headlights are fixed in front of the motorized device;
through wires, a connection is made from the button to the generator and to the headlight;
wires are insulated.

The more powerful the generator, the brighter the light will be, many people prefer to install automobile electric generators on this agricultural machinery. We offer you to watch a video on how to independently put the light on the Oka walk-behind tractor: